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The East Asian Subtropical Jet Stream and Atlantic tropical cyclones
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Created: Jul 28, 2020 at 12:33 p.m.
Last updated: Aug 25, 2020 at 4:28 p.m.
DOI: 10.4211/hs.5b069946865e44dfacdd80c2b4d43865
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Sharing Status: Published
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Abstract

Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) can cause significant societal and economic impacts, as 2019’s Dorian serves to remind us of these storms’ destructiveness. Decades of effort to understand and predict Atlantic TC activity have improved seasonal forecast skill, but large uncertainties still remain, in part due to an incomplete understanding of the drivers of TC variability. Here we identify an association between the East Asian Subtropical Jet Stream (EASJ) during July-October and the frequency of Atlantic TCs (wind speed ≥ 34 knot) and hurricanes (wind speed ≥ 64 knot) during August-November based on observations for 1980-2018. This strong association is tied to the impacts of EASJ on a stationary Rossby wave train emanating from East Asia and the tropical Pacific to the North Atlantic, leading to changes in vertical wind shear in the Atlantic Main Development Region (80°W-20°W, 10°N-20°N).

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The content of this resource is derived from GFDL dynamical model (https://www.gfdl.noaa.gov/atmospheric-model/)
The content of this resource is derived from JRA‐55 (https://jra.kishou. go.jp/JRA-55/index_en.html)
The content of this resource is derived from NCEP/NCAR reanalysis (https://psl.noaa.gov/data/gridded/data.ncep.reanalysis.html)
The content of this resource is derived from Hurricane data from the National Hurricane Center (https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data)
The content of this resource is derived from ERA‐5 (https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/datasets/reanalysis-datasets/era5)
The content of this resource is derived from MERRA2 (https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/reanalysis/MERRA-2/)
The content of this resource is derived from Sea surface temperature from the Met Office Hadley Center (https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/hadobs/hadisst/)

Credits

Funding Agencies

This resource was created using funding from the following sources:
Agency Name Award Title Award Number
National Science Foundation Quantification of the Impacts of Urban Areas on Heavy Rainfall and Flooding from North Atlantic Tropical Cyclones EAR‐1840742
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Institute for Water Resources
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NA18OAR4310273
Carbon Mitigation Initiative (CMI)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Cooperative Institute for Modeling the Earth System (CIMES) NAOAR4320123

Contributors

People or Organizations that contributed technically, materially, financially, or provided general support for the creation of the resource's content but are not considered authors.

Name Organization Address Phone Author Identifiers
Wei Zhang University of Iowa
Gabriele Villarini University of Iowa Iowa, US ORCID
Gabriel A. Vecchi Princeton University

How to Cite

Villarini, G., W. Zhang (2020). The East Asian Subtropical Jet Stream and Atlantic tropical cyclones, HydroShare, https://doi.org/10.4211/hs.5b069946865e44dfacdd80c2b4d43865

This resource is shared under the Creative Commons Attribution CC BY.

 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
CC-BY

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